To learn about the historical background of the conflict, including ancient history, about the constant conflict between Israel and the Arab world, including Israel and Palestine, and how they are working on a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
First War (Israeli War of Independence)
<War Outbreak> : May 15, 1948, Arab states go to war
<Parties to the war> : Israel vs. United Arab Forces (Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq)
<Reasons for the outbreak of war> : Israel's founding and the resulting Palestinian problems
< Cease-fire Negotiations> : On June 11, 1948, negotiated a cease-fire with Sweden's mediation
< Signing a Peace Treaty> : Signed a peace treaty with victory in the Israeli war in March 1949
Second War (Sinai War - Three Kingdoms Invasion - Suez Crisis)
<War Outbreak> : October 29, 1956
<Parties to the war> : Egypt vs. the Allies of Israel (Israel, France, Great Britain)
<Reasons for the outbreak of war> : Israel's Allied invasion of the Sinai Peninsula and the Suez Canal following the occupation of the Suez Canal, along with Egyptian President Naser's declaration of nationalization of the Suez Canal
< Ceasefire Agreement> : Britain agreed to a ceasefire on November 6, 1956 in accordance with the resolution of the United Nations General to demand a cease-fire following the adoption of No. 997
< UN forces stationed> : Britain and France withdrew from Suez Canal by December 22, 1956, and UN Emergency Forces (UNEF) will be stationed in place
< War Result> : The end of the war is due to the withdrawal of the Israeli Allies under pressure from the United States and the Soviet Union due to the risk of a world war
Third Middle East War (6 days war)
<War Outbreak> : June 5, 1967
<Parties to the war> : Israel vs. the Allies of Egypt (Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon)
<Reasons for the outbreak of war> : Israel's preemptive strike to secure the Tiran Strait
< Armistice Agreement> : Power failure was realized on June 9, 1967 as the UN General Assembly decided to cease power. In November of the same year, the United Nations adopted Resolution 242 for political resolution of the Middle East conflict
< War Results> : Israel obtained Gaza and Sinai from Egypt, East Jerusalem and the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria
Fourth War (Yom Kippur War)
<War Outbreak> : Yom Kippur, Israel October 6, 1973 Festive Day
< Parties to the war> : Israel vs. the Allies of Egypt (Egypt, Syria)
< Reasons for the outbreak of war> : The Israeli-ccupied Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, the Golan Heights in Syria, and the entire Sea of Galilee were taken over.
< Armistice Agreement> : The United States and the Egyptian Allies actively helping Israel Helping end the war between the parties as tensions between the Soviet Union increased and the first mediation of the United Nations was proposed on October 22, 1973 and the second mediation on October 25, 1973
< War Result> : It was a war that Israel won militarily, and it was also a diplomatically successful war for Egypt and Israel, respectively. Israel returns occupied Sinai to Egypt
Syria was defeated in this war
<Impact from the war> : As soon as the war began, oil-producing countries in the Middle East banned oil exports to Israel, causing an oil shock that had a profound impact on the global economy.
5th War (?) - 2023 Israel vs Hamas War
Hamas : Named "Operation Al-Aqsa Flooding."
a counteroffensive operation against the destruction of Islamic holy sites in east Jerusalem and the oppression of Palestinians by blocking Gaza
Israel : Named "Operation Iron (鐵) Sword."
an Israeli counterattack in response to a Hamas surprise attack
< Outbreak of War>
October 7, 2023 Hamas blitz
On October 8, 2023, officially declared war on Hamas in Israel
<Parties to the War> : Israel vs Hamas (Palestinian Autonomous Government Party)
<Reasons for the outbreak of war> : Hamas over 5,000 massive rockets over Gaza-Israel barrierIn addition to the burning attack, it penetrated into the vehicle, causing as many as 1,300 casualties and dragging more than 220 hostages
The deterioration of relations between Gaza and Israel has become a watershed, mainly due to the accumulation of large and small incidents, including months of Israeli-Palestinian clashes at Jenin and Al-Aqsa mosques, killing more than 250 Palestinians and 32 Israelis
< Armistice Agreement> : So far, it is at war and the U.N. and the U.S. continue to negotiate with Israel, including a delay in an all-out anti-aircraft offensive, over hostages
<Whether or not the war has spread> : Lebanon-based Hezbollah fires mortars at Israeli-occupied Golan Heights It remains to be seen whether Arab extremist groups, including ISIS, will continue to participate in further attacks
< Future trends due to war> : Hamas senior military commander Mohammed Dape has announced a mobilization across the Arab world, calling for "all Muslims to launch an attack," and the fight is showing signs of escalating to the West Bank, which is ruled by a moderate Palestinian Authority
The U.S. is negotiating with Israel over the Israeli-Hamas conflict to delay the invasion of Gaza as a matter of hostages, but Israel is trying to destroy a group called Hamas, so if the hostage issue is somehow resolved, a full-fledged invasion or a cow. We need to see how the Tang operation is expected and whether there will be a war in the Arab world in any way
If Hamas holds the hostages as weapons and holds them in a "global war," the global community will be engaged in a long-term war in two powder kegs along with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and in reality, the world will fight three wars
The Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war and another U.S.-China hegemony war over technology hegemony are simultaneously exposing economies around the world to both physical and economic shocks
Facing three wars, the global economy is concerned that stagflation could become a reality, The escalating political conflict in the US ahead of the 2024 presidential election is another risk factor
<What kind of organization is Hamas?>
Hamas is an Islamic fundamentalist political organization founded in 1987 in the Palestinian territories
In the January 2006 Palestinian Authority elections, Hamas won 74 of the 132 seats, winning just 45 seats over the Fatah Party
Hamas means "trying hard" in Arabic
Hamas has ties to the international Islamic political movement, also known as the Gazazda, or "Islamic Brotherhood," which began as the Palestinian branch of the Islamic Brotherhood
Hamas has been officially classified as a terrorist organization by various countries and international organizations
Historical Background of the Conflict
<Ancient History>
Modern Israel and Palestine have been influenced by various civilizations since ancient times
From around 2,000 BC, Canaanites lived in the area, after which other civilizations entered the area one after another
Around the 12th century BC, the Age of the Sea Kingdom began, and it was still under the control of several foreign empires
For example, the Hebrays arrived in the region around the 13th century and founded the Kingdom of Judah and Israel, and were later influenced by various monarchs, including the Babylonian Empire, the Persian Empire, and the Hellenistic MacDedonia dynasty
Jerusalem, in particular, has deep religious significance to Jews, Christians, and Muslims
<The Roman Empire Period>
in 63 BC The Roman Empire conquered the Palestinian region, and Rome won the Jewish War (66-73), known as the Jewish Rebellion, destroying Jerusalem and expelling or killing many Jews
The Palestinian territories were then included as part of the Roman Empire
< Byzantine and Islamic Invasion>
Islamic conquerors invaded Palestine in the early 7th century after the rule of various monarchs, including the Roman papal palace, the Byzantine Empire, and the Sasasin Dynasty
<Ottoman Period>
From the 16th century until the end of World War I, the area was part of the Ottoman Empire, during which time the area was a mix of Arabs, Jews, and other communities
< UK devolved rule>
First World WarAfter the former collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the League of Nations granted Britain the mandate of Palestine
The 1917 Balfour Declaration expressed Britain's support for establishing a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, which laid the groundwork for the subsequent conflict
< United Nations Division Plan>
In 1947, the United Nations proposed a split plan that would separate Palestinians into Jewish and Arab states and put Jerusalem under international control
The plan was accepted by Jewish leaders but rejected by Arab leaders, sparking conflict
< Arab-Israeli War (Israeli War of Independence)>
On May 14, 1948, the State of Israel was proclaimed
Arab states reject UN split plan, IsraelDeclared war on , sparking the first Arab-Israeli war
As a result, Israel expanded its territory, controlling more land at the end of the war than it had allocated in the U.N. split plan
<The Palestinian Refugee Problem>
The 1948 war created a serious Palestinian refugee problem
Hundreds of thousands of Palestinian Arabs were forced to flee their homes, some of whom settled in Gaza and the West Bank
< Six-Day War>
In 1967, Israel fought another war, known as the Six-Day War, in which it seized territory including the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
This has been a major cause of conflict and occupation since then.
< Oslo Accords>
1993 Israel and PalestineThe Organization for the Liberation of Others (PLO) has signed the Oslo Accords
The agreement outlines the framework of peace negotiations and recognizes the substance of the Palestinian Authority to govern parts of the West Bank and Gaza
Gaza was under Palestinian control, but the problems surrounding the border, refugees and Jerusalem
remained unresolved
< Withdrawal of Gaza>
In 2005, Israel unilaterally withdrew from Gaza, dismantled its settlements and withdrew its troops
But Israel has retained control of its borders and airspace, resulting in the blockade of Gaza continuing to this day
<Conflict ongoing to date>
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has left unresolved issues such as borders, refugees, security, and Jerusalem's status Continued
Negotiations have stalled at several points and there have been several conflicts and tensions over the years
The historical relationship between Israel, Gaza, and Palestinian lands stands out for its complicated mix of historical events, political decisions, and deep-rooted religious and national identities
The current situation remains contentious and international efforts to resolve peacefully continue
<Efforts to resolve disputes>
< "Summit for Peace">
2023. 10. 21 10:00 A Summit for Peace will be held in Cairo under the auspices of Egypt
In the absence of Israel and its ally, the United States, the leaders and foreign ministers of major Middle Eastern and European countries gathered in Cairo, Egypt, to discuss a peaceful solution to the conflict between Israel and Palestinian militant Hamas, but failed to adopt a joint declaration
the main voices of the United Nations and participating countries
< UN Secretary General>
Appeals for a humanitarian truce to end horrific catastrophe that kills thousands and leaves more than a million refugees
<President of the European Union (EU) Summit>
"Easing regional tensions and the peace process More cooperation is needed for cooperation, humanitarian issues, etc."
<Prime Minister Meloni of Italy>
Proposed that "a roadmap should be established to avoid escalating war and to find solutions for the parties to the conflict."
<Prime Minister of Greece>
"No military intervention can replace political solutions," he said, suggesting that "the peace process between Israel and Palestine should be resumed."
<UK Foreign Secretary>
"I have told the Israeli government that Israel has a duty to respect international law, to protect civilians in Gaza, and that its troops also need to refrain."
<King of Bahrain>
"There can be no Middle East stability without guaranteeing Palestinian rights."
<King Abdullah II of Jordan>
"The message the Arab world is hearing is that Palestinian lives are not more important than Israeli lives," he said. "The Israeli leadership must realize that if it builds a nation on the foundation of injustice, it cannot prosper."
<President of the Palestinian Authority>
"We warn against attempts to move our people across the border from Gaza," he said. "Our people will remain on their land."
He also stressed that Palestine should be recognized as an independent state, saying, "We can only achieve security and peace in the Middle East when the system of two states is established, Israel and Palestine."
<President of Egypt>
Expressing clear opposition to the idea of moving Palestinians to their countries, "The solution is not to migrate, but to give Palestinians access to legal rights and to live in an independent state," he noted.
We have learned from the historical facts of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas, and look forward to a humanitarian and peaceful resolution of the Israel-Arab conflict in the international community, including the United Nations